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First Years, Lesson Three; *Archived* (I am SO SORRY!) -Archived-
Topic Started: Apr 14 2009, 05:19 AM (435 Views)
Isolde Glasson
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Pulling Herself Together | ♥ Christopher ♥
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((Really very sorry about this. RL has been very distracting of late. I hope you understand. ^_^ ))

Lesson Three:

"Good Afternoon class!" Professor Glasson shouted to the room of students as she entered; their voices died down. "I hope everyone is doing well today!"

She walked around to the back of her desk and picked up a few pieces of loose parchment. "Right, now, I'd like all of you to take notes on today's lecture." She paused for the students to pull out the parchment and quills, before she continued. "Today we are going to talk about the Salem Witch Trials. The trials took place in 1692, in Salem Massachusetts. There is a grave site which serves as a memorial to this terrible disaster. I have a picture here, hold on a moment..." Isolde walked to the board at the front of the room and pulled on a little wire which displayed a picture.

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"Now on to the facts. Salem Village had a very colorful history before the famous witch trials. It was not exactly known as a bastion of tranquility in New England. The main reason was its 600 plus residents were divided into two main parts: those who wanted to separate from Salem Town, and those who did not. The residents who wanted to separate from Salem Town were farming families located in the western part of Salem Village. Those who wanted to remain a part of Salem Town were typically located on the eastern side of Salem Village--closest to Salem Town. The residents who wished to remain a part of Salem Town were economically tied to its thriving, rich harbors.

"Many of the Salem Village farming families believed that Salem Town’s thriving economy made it too individualistic. This individualism was in opposition to the communal nature that Puritanism mandated. Thus, they were out of touch with the rest of Salem Village. One particularly large farming family who felt that Salem Town was out of touch with the rest of Salem Village was the Putnams.

"The Putnams were the leaders of the separatist group primarily because they owned the most farmland in Salem Village. They hoped to solidify a separation from Salem Town by establishing a congregation unique from it. So in 1689, a congregation was formed under the Rev. Samuel Parris and began worshipping in the Salem Village Meetinghouse. However, the congregation only represented a select group since over half of its members were Putnams. If this action did not further strain already weakened relations between the two factions, the events concerning Parris’ contract did.

"Contracts for ministers during this period often provided them with a modest salary, use of a house, and free firewood. Parris received this and much more. He not only got a modest salary and free firewood, but the title and deed to the parsonage and its surrounding land. Needless to say, this was a very uncommon perk to be included in a minister’s contract during this time. This perk especially angered the residents who wanted to remain a part of Salem Town. The Salem Town supporters showed their opposition by refusing to worship at the Meetinghouse and withholding their local taxes. This latter action was of important consequence because the local taxes helped pay the minister’s salary and provided his firewood.

"In October of 1691 a new Salem Village Committee was elected that was comprised mostly of Parris’ opponents. This new committee refused to assess local taxes that would pay Parris’ salary, and also challenged the legality of his ownership of the ministry-house and property. These actions by the new committee caused Parris and his family to rely solely on voluntary contributions for sustenance. The Putnams were now worried of losing Parris and the sought independence from Salem Town the congregation would help bring, and Parris was concerned about his job and providing for his family.

"The Rev. Samuel Parris had a relatively small family. He was married and had a nine year old daughter, Betty, and a twelve year old niece, Abigail Williams, who was an orphan. Abigail was expected to earn her keep by doing most of the household chores, and also care for her invalid aunt. Betty’s poor health prevented her from helping with the household chores, so much of the work feel on Abigail’s young shoulders.

"After chores were done, there was little entertainment for Betty and Abigail. Salem Town was eight miles away, and Boston was a twenty mile journey over unforgiving roads. Thus, Samuel Parris only visited these places when business required it. He also opposed the girls playing hide-and-seek, tag and other childhood games because he believed playing was a sign of idleness, and idleness allowed the Devil to work his mischief.

"Puritans believed in witches and their ability to harm others. They defined witchcraft as entering into a compact with the devil in exchange for certain powers to do evil. Thus, witchcraft was considered a sin because it denied God’s superiority and a crime because the witch could call up the Devil in his/her shape to perform cruel acts against others. Therefore, in any case when witchcraft was suspected, it was important that it was investigated thoroughly and the tormentors identified and judged. Unknown to Samuel Parris, Mary Sibley ordered Tituba and her husband, John Indian, to bake a "witch cake" in order to help the girls name their tormentors. A witch cake is composed of rye meal mixed with urine from the afflicted. It is then feed to a dog. The person(s) are considered bewitched if the dog displays similar symptoms as the afflicted. The other girls soon spoke and named Sarah Osborne and Sarah Good.

All three women were prime candidates for the accusations of witchcraft. Sarah Osborne was an elderly lady who had not gone to church in over a year, and poor church attendance was a Puritan sin. Sarah Good was a homeless woman who begged door to door. If people failed to give her alms, she would utter unknown words and leave. Residents would often attribute her visits to death of livestock. They believed the mumbled words she spoke under her breath were curses against them for not showing her charity. Since Tituba was Parris’ slave and well known to Betty and Abigail, it is no surprise then that her name was the first to be called out by Betty. The negative reputations and low social standing shared by these three women clearly made them believable suspects for witchcraft."

Isolde paused and looked at the clock. "I see we don't have much time left. I'm terribly sorry for the long lecture, but I hope you all took notes, because some of these facts may come up in the final exam. For your homework I'd like you to write an essay on anyone associated with the Salem Witch Trials. "A History of Magic" is an excellent source. You can find this book in the Library. Thank you very much for your cooperation today! I'll see you next class!"


*****HOMEWORK******

I'd like you to choose anyone from the Salem Witch Trials and write an essay. This essay should be at least 150 words long. I will not put a limit on the length, but don't get carried away. Once you have posted your essays, it may be wise to read some of the other essays posted on the person you did not do your essay on. I will be using various people from the Salem Witch Trials in the exam, so it would be helpful to check out ones that you didn’t do. I would like all work to have resources; I do not allow plagiarism, and penalties will be issued for those who plagerise. Good luck! :)
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Toni Addison
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The Stylish Slytherin/ Madam Malkins Assistant/ Slytherin Team Keeper
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Toni was in an extremely good mood as of today. Everything with her and Beau were doing more than wonderful. Even once and awhile she had gotten to hang out with Sam and Knight. Though those times were very short lived and didn't come along often. Not that she believed they missed spending time with her. Between Jenna and Hoshi, Toni doubted that they would ever miss spending time with little Toni. Not that it bothered her way too much. It was more that Toni didn't think about it when she was spending all her time with Beau, her best friend and boyfriend.

Getting ready for History of Magic class took just as much time as it always did. Changing was not simple even if they all worn uniforms. Toni just had to make sure she was absolutely perfect, no flaws, no off center jewelry pieces. Then it was on to her hair. Fluffing it to perfection and making sure that no stand was out of place.

Finally Toni was ready, swinging her backpack over her shoulder, Toni walked out of the Slytherin dorms and right on her way to the History of Magic classroom. Seeing that she was the first to arrive, Toni sighed taking her normal seat in the back, as she took out her quill, ink, and parchment.

Humming softly, Toni wondered when the rest of the class would arrive. Being alone in the classroom made her feel more than odd. Soon enough more people arrived and luckily the class began.

Today they would be listening to a lecture which really didn't sound too exciting, but at least, Toni could get a few notes in without having to do too much real work. Now if there was no homework then it would be perfect. As the Professor began, Toni started to take the notes.

Quote:
 

Salem Witch Trials
-The trials took place in 1692, in Salem Massachusetts
-Salem Village had a very colorful history before the famous witch trials.
-It was not exactly known as a bastion of tranquility in New England.
-The main reason was its 600 plus residents were divided into two main parts: those who wanted to separate from Salem Town, and those who did not.
-The residents who wanted to separate from Salem Town were farming families located in the western part of Salem Village.
-Those who wanted to remain a part of Salem Town were typically located on the eastern side of Salem Village--closest to Salem Town.
-The residents who wished to remain a part of Salem Town were economically tied to its thriving, rich harbors.
-Many of the Salem Village farming families believed that Salem Town’s thriving economy made it too individualistic.
-This individualism was in opposition to the communal nature that Puritanism mandated.
-Thus, they were out of touch with the rest of Salem Village.
-One particularly large farming family who felt that Salem Town was out of touch with the rest of Salem Village was the Putnams.
-The Putnams were the leaders of the separatist group primarily because they owned the most farmland in Salem Village.
-They hoped to solidify a separation from Salem Town by establishing a congregation unique from it.
-So in 1689, a congregation was formed under the Rev. Samuel Parris and began worshipping in the Salem Village Meetinghouse.
-However, the congregation only represented a select group since over half of its members were Putnams.
-If this action did not further strain already weakened relations between the two factions, the events concerning Parris’ contract did.
-Contracts for ministers during this period often provided them with a modest salary, use of a house, and free firewood.
-Parris received this and much more.
-He not only got a modest salary and free firewood, but the title and deed to the parsonage and its surrounding land.
- Needless to say, this was a very uncommon perk to be included in a minister’s contract during this time.
-This perk especially angered the residents who wanted to remain a part of Salem Town. The Salem Town supporters showed their opposition by refusing to worship at the Meetinghouse and withholding their local taxes.
-This latter action was of important consequence because the local taxes helped pay the minister’s salary and provided his firewood.
-In October of 1691 a new Salem Village Committee was elected that was comprised mostly of Parris’ opponents.
-This new committee refused to assess local taxes that would pay Parris’ salary, and also challenged the legality of his ownership of the ministry-house and property.
- These actions by the new committee caused Parris and his family to rely solely on voluntary contributions for sustenance.
-The Putnams were now worried of losing Parris and the sought independence from Salem Town the congregation would help bring, and Parris was concerned about his job and providing for his family.
-The Rev. Samuel Parris had a relatively small family.
-He was married and had a nine year old daughter, Betty, and a twelve year old niece, Abigail Williams, who was an orphan.
-Abigail was expected to earn her keep by doing most of the household chores, and also care for her invalid aunt.
-Betty’s poor health prevented her from helping with the household chores, so much of the work feel on Abigail’s young shoulders.
-After chores were done, there was little entertainment for Betty and Abigail.
-Salem Town was eight miles away, and Boston was a twenty mile journey over unforgiving roads.
-Thus, Samuel Parris only visited these places when business required it.
-He also opposed the girls playing hide-and-seek, tag and other childhood games because he believed playing was a sign of idleness, and idleness allowed the Devil to work his mischief.
-Puritans believed in witches and their ability to harm others.
-They defined witchcraft as entering into a compact with the devil in exchange for certain powers to do evil.
-Thus, witchcraft was considered a sin because it denied God’s superiority and a crime because the witch could call up the Devil in his/her shape to perform cruel acts against others.
-Therefore, in any case when witchcraft was suspected, it was important that it was investigated thoroughly and the tormentors identified and judged.
-Unknown to Samuel Parris, Mary Sibley ordered Tituba and her husband, John Indian, to bake a "witch cake" in order to help the girls name their tormentors.
-A witch cake is composed of rye meal mixed with urine from the afflicted. It is then feed to a dog.
-The person(s) are considered bewitched if the dog displays similar symptoms as the afflicted.
-The other girls soon spoke and named Sarah Osborne and Sarah Good.
-All three women were prime candidates for the accusations of witchcraft.
-Sarah Osborne was an elderly lady who had not gone to church in over a year, and poor church attendance was a Puritan sin.
-Sarah Good was a homeless woman who begged door to door.
-If people failed to give her alms, she would utter unknown words and leave. Residents would often attribute her visits to death of livestock.
-They believed the mumbled words she spoke under her breath were curses against them for not showing her charity.
-Since Tituba was Parris’ slave and well known to Betty and Abigail, it is no surprise then that her name was the first to be called out by Betty.
-The negative reputations and low social standing shared by these three women clearly made them believable suspects for witchcraft.


As Toni finished up her notes she placed the quill down and held her rather sore hands. "Gosh that was a lot of notes" She muttered under her breathe as she put the notes and quill away quickly before anyone realized that she was actually trying in this class.

Hearing the homework assignment, Toni let out an audible sigh and an obvious eye roll before she left the History of Magic classroom. To the library she went keeping in the back hopefully unseen as she wrote her essay on one of the most interesting people that were involved in the Salem Witch Trials.

Quote:
 

Toni Addison
1st Year Slytherin
History Of Magic Lesson Three

Sarah Good
Sarah Good was one of the first to be accused of Witchcraft during the Salem Witch Trials. Really she was one of the few perfect targets. Before this whole situation she had lots of trouble with debt. Actually even with both her marriages she was unable to pay off the amount of debts in which she had. Where had these debts come from? Well her father died leaving her with debts. Then after her first husband died more depths were thrust upon her. Now when she married her husband, William Good, she only paid off some debts by selling all their land.Soon both her and her husband were homeless, begging for food, work and even shelter.

Of coarse some people would not friendly and refused to give Sarah any of the needed things. This lead her to mumble under her breath. This could have been as simple as saying crap now I have to wait another day to eat or damn it is going to rain tonight how am I going to stay dry. But the people took it that she was curses them using witchcraft for them not being caring.

When Sarah was accused of witchcraft, no one really doubted it. Sarah was executed on July 19. Though she showed no guilt or sorrow for this execution. Actually she called out "You are a liar. I am no more a witch than you are a wizard, and if you take away my life God will give you blood to drink." to Minister Nicholas Noyes. Later on Minister Nicholas Noyes died of internal hemorrhage, bleeding profusely at the mouth. This almost made the people think that Sarah was even more guilty.


Source

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Taylor Mercer
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Wimbourne Wasps Seeker . Gryffindor Graduate . Dreamer
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Taylor woke up after only one or two hours sleep. She hadnt had a night that bad in a long time. Groaning, she rolled out of bed then sat back down on the edge of it. Rubbing her eyes tiredly, she made the slow proccess to get ready for the day. She knew for a fact that she was going to do terrible in her History of Magic lesson today, but she had to go regardless of how terrible she felt. After putting her shirt on back to front and her robe inside out, she finally sorted her self out. Her hair in a french braid, she made her way to breakfast, hoping she didnt look as tired as she felt. She hadnt even bothered to look in the mirror.

Breakfast was a slow proccess, it tended to be that way when all one wanted to do was fall into their cereal and go to sleep. Nevertheless she sat quietly with her friends listening to them talk and laugh, but never making any comments herself. Sneaking a glance at the Ravenclaw table once or twice, she finshed her cereal in silence, until shouldering her bag then heading off for the classroom, hoping she wouldnt fall asleep in class today.

Arriving there wasnt many people there, Taylor noticed Toni at the back, but chose not to sit next to her. Taylor decided to sit by herself today, not wanting to let people down by her bad mood. Settling into a seat on the right side of the class by herself, she waited for the rest of the class to arrive, with her arms folded on the desk and her head leaning on them. She could barely keep her eyes open, this was going to be a long class.

Soon enough everyone arrived and the Professor began. Taylor had to admit out of all her professors, Professor Isolde was the nicest. Then again, out of all the professors there wasnt really many nice ones to begin with. They were asked to take out their writing equipment and Taylor barely registered what the teacher had said, only realising what she had asked when the rest of the class took out quills and parchment. Doing so herself as well, she settled in, blinking rapidly to try and keep her eyes from falling shut.

The lecture was long and Taylor was scribbling as fast as she could while the teacher was talking. She had no idea what she was talking about, she was only getting the information to go through her brain to her hand. She wasnt taking anything in. She could do that later, all she needed to worry about now was notes and not falling asleep on them. After the whole lesson had finished, Taylor glanced at her notes, noting they looked like chicken scrawl. Nevertheless, she had them and would do research when the time came for exams on them.

Packing up her stuff, she was glad she had survived, even if she had done so barely. She took note of the homework, although she had no intention of doing it before a good nights sleep. Leaving the classroom, Taylor dragged her feet along the floor and cursed the History of Magic classroom for being on the first floor. It was a long journey to the Gryffindor Tower and a nice comfy bed.
History Of Magic
 
Taylor Mercer
Gryffindor First Year
Lesson Three History of Magic
William Stoughton
He was what some might call the leader of the Salem Witch Trials, being Chief Justice of the Special Court of Oyer and Terminer, he was also later assigned to the position of Chief Justice of the Superior Court. This meant, he made major decisions on major trials such as Salem Witch Trials. He held a lot of power. Stoughton studied theology in Harvard College and ended up graduating there. He intended to become a religious minister and went on for further studies in Oxford, graduating with an M.A. in Theology there as well. He served many different roles in the colonial government in Massachusetts and in the early 1960's he became colonial chief magistrate, this was the first Chief Justice of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court. During the Salem Witch Trials, he was a judge and prosecutor and a mighty unfair one at that too. Stoughton was famous for allowing very little evidence on the case and denying the accused to present much defence to the case. Therefore making things harder for people to prove they were not witches. Resulting in the many people that was accused and then prosucted after being charged with witchcraft. Although he lacked proper experience and was incredibly biast in his judging, no one really complained as everyone was so terrified of witchcraft among them. Not even the government dared to oppose what Stoughton was doing.

A History Of Magic
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Professor Aeon Summers
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Canine Animagus ☼ Spell Inventor Magical Menagerie Proprietor Transfiguration Professor 1-4 Brodie's Familiar

Aeon made his way casually into the HoM classroom and took a seat up front as he usually did in his classes. He was in a good mood today and hoped they didn't do anything too boring. Quietly he got out his writing things while more students came in and took their seats, so he talked to his friends until everyone was ready and Isolde shouted at them.

Unfortunately they had to take notes for todays lecture which ruined Aeon's mood a bit but he decided to have a go, but the whole Salem Witch Trials thing really bored him. It was like in Astronomy, all blah blah blah blah blah blah something something. That's all he heard, but somehow managed to take down notes.

Finally she stopped going on and on with the lecture and Aeon was able to stop writing, his hand hurt from taking the notes and was happy the lesson was nearly over. They were given homework as usual, a stupid essay on the Salem Witch Trials, so Aeon headed up to the library to borrow a HoM book, Then headed to his dorm to begin researching.

Hom essay
 

Aeon Summers
Gryffindor First Year
HoM Lesson Three


Tituba
Tituba was an Indian woman who was originally from one of the Arawak villages in South America. She was captured as a child and taken to Barbados then sold into slavery. While she was in Barbados she first met Rev. Samuel Parris. Tituba was some in the age of 12 and 17 when she joined the Parris household, Though Parris at the time was a merchant.
Later on in life, Tituba met another Slave called John and they soon married. It is also believed they had one child, Violet who would stay with Parris till his death.
While in Salem, strange things happened to Parris's daughter which lead to Tituba participating in a witch cake and then blamed for witchcraft so Parris beat her until she finally confessed. She was first to confess of being a witch and revealed two other witches, Sarah Good and Sarah Osborne.
By confessing early Tituba was able to avoid more punishment, but ended up in jail for a few months when an unknown person paid her fee and bought her and her husband.


Afterwards, Aeon returned the book he had used and headed back to the HoM classroom to hand his essay in, then headed off to the garden to relax.

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